What are "permissive subjects" of bargaining?

The correct answer is grounded in the understanding of the spectrum of bargaining subjects in labor relations. Permissive subjects of bargaining refer to topics that are not mandatory for negotiation under labor law but can be discussed if both parties agree to do so. These subjects often deal with discretionary issues that may enhance workplace conditions or benefits but are not essential to the core structure of the collective bargaining agreement.

For example, bonus payments are typically viewed as permissive subjects because, while they can be negotiated, there is no legal requirement for employers to include them in bargaining discussions. This flexibility allows both labor and management to explore these topics and potentially reach an agreement, enhancing the negotiations without the obligation imposed by other bargaining subjects.

This understanding differentiates permissive subjects from other categories like mandatory subjects, which must be negotiated if they are raised, and illegal matters that would not be appropriate for negotiation at all. The nuance in categorizing bargaining subjects is crucial for effective labor relations and contributes to the strategic planning in negotiations.